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Why I Write (Penguin Great Ideas)
Ebook Download Why I Write (Penguin Great Ideas)
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About the Author
Eric Arthur Blair (George Orwell) was born in 1903 in India, where his father worked for the Civil Service. The family moved to England in 1907 and in 1917 Orwell entered Eton, where he contributed regularly to the various college magazines. From 1922 to 1927 he served with the Indian Imperial Police in Burma, an experience that inspired his first novel, Burmese Days (1934). Several years of poverty followed. He lived in Paris for two years before returning to England, where he worked successively as a private tutor, schoolteacher and bookshop assistant, and contributed reviews and articles to a number of periodicals. Down and Out in Paris and London was published in 1933.In 1936, he was commissioned by Victor Gollancz to visit areas of mass unemployment in Lancashire and Yorkshire, and The Road to Wigan Pier (1937) is a powerful description of the poverty he saw there. At the end of 1936 Orwell went to Spain to fight for the Republicans and was wounded, and Homage to Catalonia is his account of the civil war. He was admitted to a sanatorium in 1938 and from then on was never fully fit. He spent six months in Morocco and there wrote Coming Up for Air. During the Second World War he served in the Home Guard and worked for the BBC Eastern Service from 1941 to 1943. As literary editor of the Tribune he contributed a regular page of political and literary commentary, and he also wrote for the Observer and later for the Manchester Evening News. His unique political allegory, Animal Farm, was published in 1945, and it was this novel, together with Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949), which brought him world-wide fame.George Orwell died in London in January 1950. A few days before, Desmond MacCarthy had sent him a message of greeting in which he wrote: 'You have made an indelible mark on English literature . . . you are among the few memorable writers of your generation.'
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Excerpt. © Reprinted by permission. All rights reserved.
Why I WriteFrom a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knew that when I grew up I should be a writer. Between the ages of about seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did so with the consciousness that I was outraging my true nature and that sooner or later I should have to settle down and write books.I was the middle child of three, but there was a gap of five years on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. For this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon developed disagreeable mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my schooldays. I had the lonely child's habit of making up stories and holding conversations with imaginary persons, and I think from the very start my literary ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of being isolated and undervalued. I knew that I had a facility with words and a power of facing unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created a sort of private world in which I could get my own back for my failure in everyday life. Nevertheless the volume of serious - i.e. seriously intended - writing which I produced all through my childhood and boyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages. I wrote my first poem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation.
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Product details
Series: Penguin Great Ideas
Paperback: 128 pages
Publisher: Penguin Books (September 6, 2005)
Language: English
ISBN-10: 0143036351
ISBN-13: 978-0143036357
Product Dimensions:
4.3 x 0.4 x 7.1 inches
Shipping Weight: 1.6 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)
Average Customer Review:
4.1 out of 5 stars
55 customer reviews
Amazon Best Sellers Rank:
#83,646 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
Orwell calls his homeland, England, "the most class-ridden country under the sun. It is a land of snobbery and privilege, ruled largely by the old and silly." Although they were written right after WWII, these essays are appropriate as descriptions for contemporary America. Every bit as biting and true as his fiction (1984 and Animal Farm).
Great pocket Orwell to whip out when your friends are being obfuscating dicks.
This little book contains four essays written between 1931 and 1946. But the bulk of the book (85 of 120 pages) is taken up by one essay, "The Lion and the Unicorn: Socialism and the English Genius," written in 1940. The others are "Why I Write" (1946), "A Hanging" (1931), and "Politics and the English Language" (1946). I am not sure why these four essays are joined in this one volume or why the title of the volume is the title of one of the short essays. All of the essays are about politics in one way or another, but only the first and last deal with the profession of being a writer. Also, there is no introduction by an editor that might explain this collection.In spite of this mystery, the book is a good introduction to Orwell, the essayist. One gets a taste of him early on in 1931, during the physical and psychological pounding of the Blitz (1940), and in his full maturity in 1946.In "The Hanging," the young Orwell expresses his moral revulsion at capital punishment. As a policeman in Burma, he had to watch the hanging of a Hindu man. The crime for which the man is being executed is never named. Thus, we are forced to concentrate on the act of hanging a human being, rather than the execution of a criminal. Orwell writes, "I saw the mystery, the unspeakable wrongness, of cutting a life short when it is in full tide." (p. 98)The long essay, "The Lion and the Unicorn," was written in 1940 as German planes were bombing London. This brings Orwell to reflect on patriotism and its inexplicable strength throughout Britain's highly stratified society. His essay is partly an analysis of three economic/social systems---capitalism, socialism, and fascism---in a time of war. He concludes that England will survive only if it undergoes a socialistic revolution.In "Why I Write," Orwell admits that he writes for political reasons. In fact, he believes that all good books are political. His goal is to make political writing into an art."Politics and the English Language" may be one of his most famous essays. I find it reprinted in different collections of Orwell's essays. Here he is most specific in telling us what makes writing good or bad. He lists several bad practices: dying metaphors, operators or verbal false limbs, pretentious diction, and meaningless words. But he targets lack of sincerity as the worse culprit. He calls it "the enemy of clear language." And, as in "Why I Write," he reminds us that "all issues are political issues." He concludes by helpfully providing us with these six rules:1. Never use a metaphor, simile, or other figure of speech which you are used to seeing in print.2. Never use a long word where a short one will do.3. If it is possible to cut out a word, always cut it out.4. Never use the passive where you can use the active.5. Never use a foreign phrase, a scientific word, or a jargon word if you can think of an everyday English equivalent.6. Break any of these rules sooner than say anything outright barbarous.Orwell confesses that if we look back through his essay, we can probably catch him breaking his own rules. But the point is not to be fastidious, but to work towards clarity of speech. He writes, "If you simplify your English, you are freed from the worst follies of orthodoxy."
These essays can all be found as free PDFs online. But I purchased the book to own a tangible copy for my shelf. Unfortunately the jacket was put on upside down so the book has to be read backwards and upside down. Annoying that Penguin Books has such poor quality control yet they still have the audacity to ask $11 for a 100pg pamphlet.
...it was an interesting collection of essays but the title is misleading, this is mostly an angry-old-man rant about WWII era UK, not bad, just not what I was expecting
There was so much great insight here, and most of it felt relevant to the current global climate as well. I've recommended this short little book to everyone I know.
I am making up my mind about the book.Before telling what I didn't like, here are the lines I liked:*Hitler will at any rate go down in history as the man who made the City of London laugh on the wrong side of its face.*War is the greatest of all agents of change. It speeds up all processes, wipes out minor distinctions, brings realities to the surface. Above all, war brings it home to the individual. That he is NOT altogether an individual.* England is perhaps the only great country whose intellectuals are ashamed of their own nationality.* Nations do not escape from their past merely by making a revolution.* English language becomes ugly and inaccurate because our thoughts are foolish, but the slovenliness of our language makes it easier for us to have foolish thoughts.The book is good, very good, at most of the places.But some views of George Orwell-- GEORGE ORWELL (Et tu, Brute?)-- were offensive to any Indian who has read Indian history. His opinions on India's struggle for independence (and India's future without British Colony) were not well-researched. I genuinely want to give him a benefit of doubt because I am a die-hard fan of his fictions.That said, the book is good at most of the places.
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